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Lexambiente - Rivista Trimestrale di Diritto Penale dell'Ambiente
Nell'area dedicata alla rivista è scaricabile l'ultimo fascicolo pubblicato
Consiglio di Stato Sez.VI n. 8184 del 29 novembre 2019
Urbanistica.Divieto di costruzione di opere sugli argini
E' legittimo il diniego di rilascio di concessione edilizia in sanatoria relativamente ad un fabbricato realizzato all'interno della c.d. fascia di servitù idraulica, atteso che il divieto di costruzione ad una certa distanza dagli argini dei corsi d'acqua demaniali, imposto dall'art. 96 lett. f), r.d. 523/1904, ha carattere assoluto ed inderogabile- Il divieto di costruzione di opere sugli argini dei corsi d'acqua, previsto dalla lettera f) del predetto art. 96, è informato alla ragione pubblicistica di assicurare non solo la possibilità di sfruttamento delle acque demaniali, ma anche (e soprattutto) il libero deflusso delle acque scorrenti nei fiumi, torrenti, canali e scolatoi pubblici e ha carattere legale e inderogabile: ne segue che le opere costruite in violazione di tale divieto non sono suscettibili di sanatoria
DUTIES OF THE SCIENTIFIC DIRECTORATE
Decisions on publication
The Scientific Direction of the journal is responsible for the decision to publish or not the proposed articles according to the editorial line of the journal and the purposes of the same, in compliance with current legislation.
The Scientific Direction takes its decisions after a double blind peer review has been carried out by the members of the Scientific Committee and the Reviewers, who have specific competences in environmental criminal matters.
Correctness
The members of the Scientific Committee and the Reviewers evaluate the articles proposed for publication on the basis of their content without discrimination of race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, ethnic origin, citizenship, political orientation of the authors.
Confidentiality
The members of the Scientific Committee and the Reviewers and the Editorial Board undertake not to disclose information on the proposed articles to anyone other than the author, the Scientific Direction and the publisher.
Conflict of interest and disclosure
The members of the Scientific Committee and the Reviewers undertake not to use in their own research the contents of an article proposed for publication without the written consent of the author.
DUTIES OF THE PEER REVIEWERS
Contribution to the editorial decision
Peer-review is a procedure that helps editors make decisions about proposed articles and also allows the author to improve his or her contribution.
The review aims to ensure the best possible quality of the journal and, for this reason, it is carried out by the members of the Scientific Committee and the Reviewers identified according to their specific scientific expertise but also ensuring an adequate rotation.
Respect for time
The reviewer who does not feel adequate to the proposed task or who knows that he or she cannot carry out the reading within the required time is required to promptly notify the Editorial Board or the Scientific Directorate.
Confidentiality
Any text assigned in reading shall be considered confidential.
Therefore, these texts should not be discussed with other persons without the express permission of the editors.
The contribution to be evaluated is sent to the reviewers without indicating the name of the author and without providing any indication that would allow their identity to be identified.
The names of the reviewers should also remain confidential.
Objectivity
The review must be conducted objectively.
Any personal judgement on the author is inappropriate.
The auditors, after the outcome of the audit, will draw up an appropriate evaluation form in which they will have to express their opinion on the article in relation to the following parameters:
1) Structure (coherence and clarity of the logical system);
2) Legal and jurisprudential references (if required by the type of contribution);
3) Academic references;
4) Language style;
5) Critical argument
Each parameter must be independently evaluated, indicating the outcome (insufficient/sufficient/good or more) and then expressing an overall final judgement.
The reviewers, if they deem it appropriate, may, in the case of a positive evaluation, suggest further specific review on the work in order to improve it; in the case of a negative evaluation, however, they should advise the Author on drafting an acceptable version of the work.
The evaluation sheet and the documentation relating to the review process for each contribution is kept by the Editorial Board.
Referencing texts
The reviewers undertake to indicate precisely the bibliographic references of fundamental works that may have been overlooked by the author.
The reviewer must also inform the editors of any similarities or overlaps between the text received for reading and other works known to him or her.
Conflict of interest
Reviewers are required not to accept articles for which there is a conflict of interest resulting from relations of competition, collaboration, or other type of connection with the authors, companies or bodies that have a relationship with the subject of the manuscript.
DUTIES OF THE AUTHORS
Access to and retention of data
If the Scientific Directorate deems it appropriate, the authors of the articles should also make available the sources or data on which the research is based, so that they can be kept for a reasonable period of time after publication and possibly made accessible.
Originality and plagiarism
The authors must guarantee the originality of the work and declare that they have cited all the texts used.
Multiple, repetitive and/or competing publications
The proposed manuscripts must not have been published as copyrighted material in other journals.
Manuscripts under revision by the journal should not be submitted to other journals for publication.
Referencing of sources
The author must always provide the correct references for the sources and contributions mentioned in the article.
If used, the work or words of other authors should be quoted literally or paraphrased indicating the source and author.
Autorship of the work
The literary authorship of the manuscript is limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution or interpretation of the study.
All those who have made a significant contribution should be listed as co-authors.
If there are other individuals who have participated in substantial aspects of the research project, they should be recognized and listed as contributors in the acknowledgements.
The corresponding author must ensure that all relevant co-authors are included in the manuscript, that they have seen and approved the final version of the manuscript and that they agree to its submission for publication.
If the article has been accepted, the author, who retains the copyright, grants the publisher the right to the first publication, authorizing all the modalities of use provided in the editorial license adopted by the journal (CC-BY-NC).
Conflict of interest and disclosure
All authors are required to state explicitly that there are no conflicts of interest which might have affected the results obtained or the interpretations proposed. Authors must also indicate any funding bodies for the research and/or the project from which the article is derived.
Contributions (notes, articles commenting analytically on certain judgements) from authors involved as lawyers or judges in cases referred in the article are not allowed.
Moreover, the publication of opinions produced or intended for judicial proceedings is not allowed.
Errors in published articles
When an author identifies a significant error or inaccuracy in an article, he or she is required to inform the editorial board in good time and to provide all the information necessary to report any necessary corrections at the end of the article.
Environmental criminal law has become increasingly important in recent years, imposing itself as a branch of criminal law at the forefront, for better or worse, of trends and problems surfacing in criminal law understood more broadly.
One need only think of crimes of danger, protection of functions, interpretation in accordance with European law, the precautionary principle, and other principles and trends that, having emerged in our subject matter, have now spread to other areas of the criminal law system.
The practice has intercepted these phenomena, giving rise to a lively judicial reality, ranging from frequent and everyday trials for environmental contraventions (especially in the areas of waste and water) to maxi environmental trials (from the Porto Marghera Petrochemical plant to the Ilva, Tamoil, Bussi and Spinetta Marengo cases, passing through Eternit, to remain with the best known), where to date crimes against public safety have been contested, the criminal surrogate, until 2015, of strictly environmental crimes.
The doctrine, on the other hand, has, after a few albeit meritorious works in the 1980s and 1990s, progressively tackled environmental criminal issues, flanking several monographs with a now robust production of manuals, commentaries and collected works, which have also become necessary as study material for the numerous environmental criminal law teachings that have recently sprung up in Italy.
Within this framework of renewed interest, we believe it useful and appropriate to dedicate to environmental criminal law an ad hoc journal, which we would like to be able to stimulate critical discussion in the scientific community of academic criminalists, in the world of lawyers and magistrates, all advocates, in their respective roles, of a criminal law that has always been dominated by the jurisprudential formant, and precisely for this reason in need, it seems to us, of critical attention from the doctrine.
The Journal, online and free of charge and, published under a CC-by-nc license, has a quarterly cadence, and the authoritativeness of contributions is guaranteed by double blind peer review by members of the scientific committee and reviewers with specific expertise in environmental criminal law.
The Journal hosts articles, essays, case notes and reviews, including foreign and comparative law, concerning environmental criminal law in a broad sense, including not only pollution but also the protection of land, landscape, animals, GMOs, public health, food, etc.
Special attention is paid to the most current issues in public and scientific discussion as well as in judicial reality.
The ambition is to bring theory and practice into constructive dialogue, starting from the problems of protection and arriving at solutions that are theoretically grounded and respectful of constitutional and supranational principles and guarantees.
Submissions (articles, essays, case notes, reviews) should be submitted to the editors at redazione.lexambiente@gmail.
They should give a concise account of the relevant legal framework and relevant doctrinal and jurisprudential orientations.
The author should not be involved as a procedural party in the judgments or contributions being commented on.
The journal imposes no processing and publication costs.
Luca RAMACCI Carlo RUGA RIVA
Cass. Sez. III n. 48406 28 novembre 2019 (PU 18 ott 2019)
Pres. Andreazza Est. Noviello Ric. Livello
Ambiente in genere.Norme di tutela ambientale e rapporto con l’art. 674 cod. pen.
Non vi è rapporto di specialità, ne' si verifica assorbimento della norma dell'art. 674 C.P. nelle previsioni incriminatrici relative alla tutela dell'ambiente in generale, quando sussista l'attitudine della condotta incriminata a provocare molestie alle persone, costituente elemento ulteriore ed essenziale della fattispecie di pericolo delineata dalla norma codicistica
Consiglio di Stato Sez.VI n. 8180 del 29 novembre 2019
Urbanistica.Differenze tra permesso di costruire e certificato di agibilità
Il permesso di costruire ed il certificato di agibilità sono collegati a presupposti diversi, non sovrapponibili fra loro, in quanto il certificato di agibilità ha la funzione di accertare che l'immobile sia stato realizzato secondo le norme tecniche vigenti in materia di sicurezza, salubrità, igiene, risparmio energetico degli edifici e degli impianti, mentre il titolo edilizio è finalizzato all'accertamento del rispetto delle norme edilizie ed urbanistiche. Il rilascio del certificato di abitabilità (o di agibilità) non preclude quindi agli uffici comunali la possibilità di contestare successivamente la presenza di difformità rispetto al titolo edilizio, né costituisce rinuncia implicita a esigere il pagamento dell'oblazione per il caso di sanatoria, in quanto il certificato svolge una diversa funzione, ossia garantisce che l'edificio sia idoneo ad essere utilizzato per le destinazioni ammissibili.
Cass. Sez. III n. 47097 20 novembre 2019 (PU 2 ott 2019)
Pres. Liberati Est. Corbo Ric. Adami
Rifiuti.Ordinanza di rimozione e sequestro dell’area
Lo stato di abbandono dei rifiuti all'interno di un'area sottoposta a sequestro giudiziario non può avere alcuna efficacia scriminante del reato di cui all'art. 255, comma 3, d.lgs. 3 aprile 2006, n. 152 per inesigibilità della condotta, poiché, in tal caso, il destinatario dell'ordinanza sindacale di rimozione dei rifiuti, emessa ai sensi dell'art. 192, comma 3, del medesimo d.lgs., deve richiedere al giudice l'autorizzazione ad accedere ai luoghi per provvedere alla rimozione
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